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Climate in Botswana


Average weather, temperature, rainfall, sunshine

Flag - Botswana

Map - Botswana

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In Botswana, the climate is generally sub-tropical, with a hot, rainy season from November to March and a dry season from April to October, within which there is a cool period from May in August.
The rains are not abundant, so much so that the climate is arid or semi-arid depending on the area.
Botswana is a Southern African country, occupied by a plateau that has an average altitude of around 1,000 meters (3,300 feet).
The driest areas are the south-west, where the Kalahari desert is found and precipitation drops below 300 millimeters (12 inches) per year, and the far east, in the valley of the Limpopo, where it goes below 400 mm (16 in) per year. The wettest areas, where more than 500 mm (20 in) of rain fall per year, are the north and the south-east, where Gaborone is located.
In general, rainfall in the warm season is not very abundant, but during some years, it can be more abundant than usual, when the country is reached by moist air masses from Congo, or because of the remains of cyclones (see below).
In Botswana, there are several parks and nature reserves that are home to plant and animal species of the savannah, which are still little known but of great interest. Being in the Southern Hemisphere, the country has reversed seasons in comparison with the Northern Hemisphere.

The climate in detail


  • The seasons
  • The south - Kalahari, Gaborone
  • The north - Okavango Delta, Chobe
  • Cyclones
  • When to go
  • What to pack
  • Climate data

The seasons



The winter, from May to August, is dry and sunny, mild during the day but cold at night, especially in the center and south.
The summer, from November to March, is hot and moderately rainy because of thunderstorms that break out in the afternoon or evening; therefore, there's plenty of sunshine even in this season, especially in the morning.
In spring, in September and October, the heat is often intense especially in the north, however, hot days are possible throughout the country from September to April.

Botswana

The average daily temperature of the coolest months, June and July, is around 12/13 °C (54/55 °F) in the south and 18 °C (64 °F) in the north; already in August, the temperature starts to increase.
In summer, the temperatures are more uniform across the country, in fact, they range between 25 °C and 27 °C (77 °F and 81 °F), depending on latitude but also on altitude which, however, is fairly uniform as well. The hottest months are December and January in the center-south, while in the north, the hottest days occur in October and November, before the rains that are able to lower the temperature a bit: in this period, the daytime temperature is normally around 35 °C (95 °F), but can even reach 40 °C (104 °F).

South


Kalahari

In the south-west, we find the Kalahari desert.
Climate chart - Tshabong
In Tshabong, located in the far south-west, near the Gemsbok National Park, which is part of the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park, in winter, nights are cold but days are mild, so there is a remarkable temperature range, while summer is definitely hot.
In this southern area, the rains are scarce, in fact, they amount to about 300 mm (12 in) per year.
In the arid southwest, the sun shines all year round.

Gaborone

Climate chart - Gaborone
The capital, Gaborone, is located in the south-east, a short distance from the border with South Africa, and at 1,000 meters (3,300 feet) above sea level like most of the country.
From October to March, the maximum temperatures are around 30 °C (86 °F) or slightly above, but moisture is higher from December to March, at the height of the rainy season. Sometimes, the temperature can reach 36/40 °C (97/104 °F) from September to April.
In winter, from May to August, the sun shines and it almost never rains; daytime temperatures are pleasant, while they are cold at night and get close to freezing (0 °C or 32 °F). Therefore, in winter, the temperature range between day and night is noticeable here as well.
In a typical year, 485 mm (19 in) of rain fall, of which more than 60 mm (2.3 in) fall per month from December to February.
In Gaborone, the sun shines all year round, however, because of afternoon thunderstorms, the sunshine duration decreases a little in the rainy season.

Gaborone

North


In the north, winter is milder, in fact, the maximum temperature is around 26 °C (79 °F) and the minimum around 8/10 °C (46/50 °F). Moreover, as mentioned, the hottest period in the north goes from September to November, while in summer, the temperature slightly decreases because of the prevalence of more humid air masses of tropical origin.

Okavango Delta

Sometimes, however, on winter nights, it can freeze even in the north-west of the country, on the edge of the Okavango Delta, the river that gets lost in a vast marshy area without having access to the sea.
Climate chart - Maun
In the village of Maun, located at 950 meters (3,100 ft) above sea level, south-east of the Okavango Delta, in October and November, at the end of the dry season, highs are normally around 35/36 °C.
Here, the rainfall amounts to 450 mm (18 in) per year.
Here, too, the sun shines all year round, but especially in the dry winter season.

To the south-east of the Okavango delta and of Maun, we find the Makgadikgadi Pan, a group of dry salt lakes that during the rainy season receive the waters of the Boteti River (which carries the waters of the same Okavango delta) and the Nata River. The area is protected in the two neighboring national parks, Nxai Pan and Makgadikgadi Pan (see Letlhakane).

Chobe

Climate chart - Kasane
The north-east, near the border with Namibia (Caprivi Strip), Zambia and Zimbabwe, where we find the Chobe National Park (see Kasane), is the rainiest area of the country, in fact rainfall exceeds 600 mm (23.5 in) per year, though the rains are concentrated, as usual, in summer.
In the north-east, the sun regularly shines in the long dry season, while in the rainy period, the sunshine hours decrease a little more than in the rest of the country.

About 70 km (45 mi) to the east, on the border between Zambia and Zimbabwe, we find the Victoria Falls.

Tropical cyclones



Occasionally, Botswana can be affected by tropical cyclones, which originate in the Indian Ocean, and after passing over Mozambique, can reach the eastern regions of the country. Typically, they lose strength when they penetrate the mainland, but they are still able to bring a good amount of rain, as happened with Cyclone Japhet in early March 2003 and Cyclone Dineo in mid-February 2017.
The cyclone season runs from mid-November to May, but they are most likely from late December to mid-April.

When to go



The best time to visit Botswana is the austral winter, from May to August: the sky is clear, the air is dry, it's warm during the day, and the animals of the savanna are easy to spot because they are concentrated in the few water puddles left. Certainly, you must take into account a bit of cold at night, especially in the center-south, even with possible slight frosts. Given the remarkable daily temperature range, it is necessary to dress in layers.
If you want to go in the austral summer, for example at Christmas, you will have to reckon with rains and thunderstorms, especially in the north and in the south-east, and with the heat during the day, especially in the south and in the Kalahari. In September and October, before the arrival of the rains, the heat is intense especially in the north, but sometimes also in the rest of the country: those who are sensitive to cold and do not suffer from the heat can choose this period.

What to pack



In winter (June to August): dress in layers and bring spring/autumn clothes, light for the day, as well as a sweater, a warm jacket and a hat for the evening.
In summer (December to February): bring light clothes for the day, a sun hat, a sweatshirt and a spring jacket for the evening, and a light raincoat or umbrella.

Climate data - Botswana


Temperatures: °C, Precipitation: mm
Francistown (1,000 meters)
Francistown, location on the map
Francistown, location on the map
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Min temp.19191714955813171919
Max temp.323130292725242831333332
Precip.1008560251000010306090
Prec. days965311001379
Humidity61%63%61%56%50%50%47%40%38%41%50%59%
Day length111111111111

Gaborone (1,000 meters)
Gaborone, location on the map
Gaborone, location on the map
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Min temp.20191813854712161819
Max temp.323231282623232630323232
Precip.145807530101000556070
Prec. days655321112456
Humidity58%58%59%59%53%50%45%39%34%39%47%54%
Day length111111111111
Sun hours99989101010101099

Ghanzi (1,100 meters)
Ghanzi, location on the map
Ghanzi, location on the map
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Min temp.20191814965813171920
Max temp.333331302725242832343434
Precip.10595652550005254070
Prec. days876311001366
Humidity54%55%58%48%43%41%38%31%28%32%41%48%
Day length111111111111

Jwaneng (1,200 meters)
Jwaneng, location on the map
Jwaneng, location on the map
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Min temp.18181613854611151718
Max temp.323230282523222630323232
Precip.857055401510152525405060
Prec. days1111895576681010
Humidity56%55%57%51%47%45%42%36%33%38%44%51%
Day length111111111111

Kasane (970 meters)
Kasane, location on the map
Kasane, location on the map
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Min temp.2019191612991216202020
Max temp.313131302926263034363431
Precip.1601358015000002065150
Prec. days141182000004913
Humidity68%69%64%54%44%42%38%31%26%29%47%64%
Day length111111111111
Sun hours68891010101110997

Letlhakane (1,000 meters)
Letlhakane, location on the map
Letlhakane, location on the map
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Min temp.2019181410871014182020
Max temp.323332302825252832343433
Precip.8570502550005204565
Prec. days1196410001489
Humidity60%59%59%54%49%49%46%39%35%39%47%58%
Day length111111111111

Maun (950 meters)
Maun, location on the map
Maun, location on the map
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Min temp.2121201612991216202121
Max temp.333332312927263034363534
Precip.10595802550000154580
Prec. days131285100003910
Humidity62%63%60%52%43%43%39%31%27%30%44%58%
Day length111111111111
Sun hours878910101011101098

Selebi Phikwe (870 meters)
Selebi Phikwe, location on the map
Selebi Phikwe, location on the map
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Min temp.2121191511871115182021
Max temp.313130282724242730313231
Precip.95555025500015256080
Prec. days975411002478
Humidity60%60%62%60%51%53%50%45%43%47%51%59%
Day length111111111111

Shakawe (1,000 meters)
Shakawe, location on the map
Shakawe, location on the map
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Min temp.202019161176914182020
Max temp.323232312927263034363533
Precip.135120703000005156090
Prec. days141293000014810
Humidity64%64%60%50%46%43%41%33%28%32%44%60%
Day length111111111111

Sowa (930 meters)
Sowa, location on the map
Sowa, location on the map
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Min temp.2120191511881014182020
Max temp.333333322927263033363634
Precip.10085552500005205085
Prec. days121063100014811
Humidity59%60%56%49%46%47%44%37%34%36%44%56%
Day length111111111111

Tshabong (960 meters)
Tshabong, location on the map
Tshabong, location on the map
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Min temp.20201813732510151719
Max temp.353532292623222630333435
Precip.50605035105055203530
Prec. days676521011345
Humidity47%48%52%52%49%48%44%38%32%32%35%40%
Day length111111111111
Sun hours111010101010101111111111

Tshane (1,100 meters)
Tshane, location on the map
Tshane, location on the map
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Min temp.212119151066812181920
Max temp.333432302624242630333333
Precip.75706035105005203535
Prec. days986520001467
Humidity44%44%44%38%36%36%31%27%25%27%34%41%
Day length111111111111



See also the temperatures month by month

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 See also (cities or regions):
 Francistown
 Gaborone
 Ghanzi
 Jwaneng
 Kasane
 Letlhakane
 Maun
 Selebi Phikwe
 Shakawe
 Others (expand)
 Sowa
 Tshabong
 Tshane

 Nearby countries:
 Namibia
 South Africa
 Zambia
 Zimbabwe

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 Antarctica
 Asia
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