In Cameroon, the climate is tropical, semi-arid in the north, and humid and rainy in the rest of the country. There is almost everywhere a dry season in winter and a rainy season in summer, due to the African monsoon, which is shorter in the north and longer in the south, while along the coast even in winter there can be some showers. The northernmost part of the country, on the shores of Lake Chad, is the driest area, where less than 600 millimetres (23.5 inches) of rain per year fall, while the wettest is the coast, where rainfall exceeds 3,000 mm (120 in) per year (see the map).



In the inland southern region lies a plateau, located between 500 and 1,200 metres (1,600 and 3,900 feet) above sea level, where the altitude moderates the climate, making the heat more bearable.

Index

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• North - Maroua
• The plateau - Ngaoundéré, Yaoundé
• The coast - Douala
• When to go
• What to pack

The north

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In the north the climate is hot and semi-arid, with a rainy season from mid-May to September, while the rest of the year is characterized by a hot and often torrid weather, and dryness. In the winter months, a hot wind from the desert blows, the Harmattan, which raises dust, creating a typical mist; sometimes this wind can also reach the centre and the south. Nights can be cool, sometimes even cold: lows can drop to around freezing (0 °C or 32 °F) in the far north. The northernmost area belongs to the climate zone called Sahel, while more to the south lies the savannah zone.

Maroua

In Maroua, precipitation amounts to 760 millimetres (30 inches) per year, most of which fall from May to September, with a maximum of 235 mm (9.2 in) in August. Here is the average precipitation.

August is also the coolest month, the only one in which the average maximum temperature reaches as low as 30 °C (86 °F), but at this time the air is moist. In the winter months, it gets hot during the day, while nights can be cool; the hottest period runs from March to May, when the temperature often reaches 40 °C (104 °F); the highest recorded temperatures in this region are about 47/48 °C (117/118 °F). After the rains, in October and November, the torrid heat comes back, albeit less intense, around 35 °C (95 °F), with peaks of 40 °C (104 °F). Here are the average temperatures.

In the north the sun shines regularly in the long dry season, while in the rainy season the hours of sunshine decrease a little; the least sunny months are July and August.

The plateau

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Proceeding south, in the south-central plateau, the rainy season it's longer, while the heat is less intense, both because of the cloud cover and the early rains that prevent the warming in spring, and because of altitude.

Ngaoundéré

Ngaoundéré is located at 1,100 metres (3,600 feet) above sea level, so it can get hot during the day but generally without excesses, while nights can be cool.

In Ngaoundéré the rainy season runs from April to October, and precipitation amounts to 1,500 mm (60 in) per year, of which 285 mm (11 in) in August. Here is the average precipitation.

In the northern part of the plateau the sun shines regularly in the dry season, while in the rainy season the sky becomes often cloudy.

Further to the south, in the rest of the plateau of central and southern Cameroon, the total annual rainfall is still around 1,500 mm (60 in), but the rainy season is even longer, so as to make possible the growth of the forest.

Yaoundé

In the capital, Yaoundé, at 750 metres (2,450 ft) above sea level, 1,500 mm (60 in) of rain per year fall, but the rains occur from March to November, with two peaks in May and October, interrupted by a relative pause in July and August, when they do not exceed 120 mm (4.7 in) per month: in these months, however, the sky is still often cloudy. Here is the average precipitation.

The altitude makes the heat bearable here as well, given that average highs go from 30 °C (86 °F) in the dry months, to 27/28 °C (81/82 °F) in the rainy months. Here are the average temperatures.

In Yaoundé the sun does not shine very often: in the rainy season the sky is often cloudy, but even in the driest period, from December to February, the sun doesn't shine so frequently, not going above 6 hours a day.

The coast

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Along the coast, a hot and humid weather reigns throughout the year: this is actually the wettest area of Cameroon, where rainfall exceeds 2,000 mm (80 in) per year: in addition to the proximity of the Equator, which results in a strong solar radiation, we must add warm and humid air masses coming from the sea in the period of the African monsoon, so heavy rains occur from May to October, albeit with a decrease in rainfall from mid-June to mid-August in the southern part.
In Kribi 2,800 mm (110 in) of rain per year fall, of which 320 mm (12.5 in) in May and even 500 mm (20 in) in September and October, but "only" 125 mm (4.9 in) in July, however, even in December and January, the driest months, about 80 mm (3.2 in) of rain fall. So here the climate is almost equatorial, without a real dry season.

Douala

The rainiest city of Cameroon is Douala, north of Kribi but still on the coast, where 3,600 mm (140 in) of rain per year fall, of which more than 500 mm (20 in) per month from July to September: so here there is no decrease in the mid-summer months; even here in winter there may be some showers, but a little less frequently than in Kribi. Here is the average precipitation.

On the coast, the temperatures are high throughout the year, however, they decrease during the rainy season, when the air is humid, but a lively breeze blows from the ocean. Here are the average temperatures.

The coast, like the southern part of the plateau, is never very sunny, even in the driest months.

The sea temperature in Cameroon is high throughout the year, as can be seen from the following table.

At a short distance from the coast, we find the highest peak of the country: Mount Cameroon, a volcano of 4,040 metres (13,255 feet); the slopes up to about 2,500 metres (8,200 ft) are very rainy and are covered by forests, while above 3,000 metres (9,800 ft) it's cold all year round.

When to go

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The best time to visit Cameroon is winter, from December to February, being the driest and sunniest. In the centre-south it's hot during the day, although it may be a bit cool at night on the plateau. In the arid north it's very hot during the day, while at night it can get a bit cold; as early as in February the heat can be scorching, so you may prefer to visit the north in December and January.
On the coast, in winter the weather is hot and muggy, though with a breeze from the sea; the sky is often overcast especially in the morning, and there can be some showers, especially in the southern part (see Kribi).

What to pack

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In winter: for the north, but also Yaoundé and the south-central plateau, light clothes for the day, loose fitting and of natural fabric (cotton or linen), desert turban for the wind-borne sand and dust, a jacket and a sweater for the evening, comfortable boots or sandals. For the coast, light clothing, a light sweatshirt for the evening. For the top of Mount Cameroon: down jacket, gloves, scarf, hat, raincoat.

In summer: for the north, light clothes, light raincoat or umbrella for the rain showers, light sweatshirt. For Yaoundé and the south-central plateau, light clothes, but also a sweater, and a raincoat. For the coast, light clothing, light sweatshirt, light raincoat or umbrella. For the top of Mount Cameroon: warm jacket, gloves, scarf, hat, raincoat.

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