Climate - Slovenia

In Slovenia, there is a clear separation between the western flat area, stretched from Nova Gorica to northern Istria, which has a quite mild climate, and the interior, which has a moderately continental climate (in the hills, the valley bottoms and the eastern plain) or a cold mountain climate (in the mountains).
Precipitation is abundant in the western part of the country, where it ranges between 1,000 and 1,500 millimeters (40 and 60 inches) per year in plains and hills, while it exceeds 2,000 mm (80 in) in the mountains, and even 3,000 mm (120 in) on the most exposed slopes. Only in plains and hills of the far east, precipitation is less abundant, and decreases below 900 mm (35.5 in).

Index

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• The western plain - Portoroz
• Inland areas - Ljubljana
• Mountains - Kranjska Gora

The western plain

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About 30 kilometers (18 miles) away from the coast, there is a mountain range that separates the interior from the sea, so the western plains of Slovenia that are influenced by the sea are not vast. This flat area close to the coast has a climate that can be described as transitional Mediterranean. In fact, winter is quite mild in cities such as Portoroz, Piran, Izola, Koper, though you cannot fully define it as Mediterranean, since the average temperature in January is around 5/6 °C (41/43 °F).



In addition, this area is exposed to a fearful wind: the temperature undergoes sudden drops when the Bora makes its appearance, that is, a cold and furious wind which blows more often in the cold half of the year and which can be accompanied by clear skies (light Bora) or more rarely by cloudy skies, with rain or snow (dark Bora). Since the Bora comes from the plains of Eastern Europe, it is usually dry, so, snowfall in this area is rare and usually not abundant.
Summer in the western plain is warm or even hot, averaging around 23 °C (73 °F) in July and August, though it's tempered by the breeze. The rains are frequent throughout the year, with a maximum in autumn (September to November), a relative minimum in winter, and an increase between late spring and summer. This is not to say that summer is a bad season, but you have to take into account some thunderstorms in the afternoon, and even a few days when Atlantic disturbances manage to move over the country, maybe accompanied with some cool gusts of Bora.

Portoroz

Here are the average temperatures of Portoroz, located on the coast of the northern Adriatic Sea, on the Gulf of Trieste.

Rainfall in Portoroz is fairly abundant, around 950 millimeters (37.5 inches) per year, and it is well distributed throughout the year, in fact, there can be some rain even in summer, often in the form of thunderstorms. However, the rainiest season is autumn. Here is the average rainfall.

In Portoroz and along the Adriatic Coast, the sun does not shine very often in winter, while it frequently shines in summer. Here are the average sunshine hours per day.

The sea temperature is high enough for swimming in July and August, but all in all, even in September.

In the cities that are not located right on the coast, the winter is a bit colder, as is the case of Nova Gorica and Ajdovscina, but the average is still above freezing, around 4/5 °C (39/41 °F) in January.

Inland areas

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As soon as you move towards the interior, you will find some elevations, which are able to reduce the mild influence of the Adriatic Sea. Already in Postojna, located in the Karst Plateau, at 530 meters (1,700 feet) above sea level, winter is cold and snowy, while summer can be hot during the day, but nights remain cool. Rainfall is abundant throughout the year, with a relative decrease only in January, February, and July; in autumn, it can sometimes be torrential.

Ljubljana

In Ljubljana, at 300 meters (1,000 feet) above sea level, the monthly average temperature ranges from 1 °C (34 °F) in January to 22 °C (71.5 °F) in July. In winter, snow often falls, while in summer, there is a moderate amount of afternoon thunderstorms, although the sun shines quite often. In winter, there are frequent fogs when the weather is stable, while cold waves from Russia can bring intense frosts; in summer, there can be short heat waves, with peaks of 35 °C (95 °F). Here are the average temperatures.

Rainfall is abundant here as well, about 1,370 mm (54 in) per year, in fact, it is one of the rainiest capitals in Europe.
The sun in Ljubljana is rarely seen in winter, while in summer, it shines quite often, though not as often as along the coast.

Across the central and eastern part of Slovenia, the climate is similar to that of Ljubljana, and the differences are mainly due to the altitude. Going to the east, however, annual precipitation gradually decreases: in Maribor, it drops to 895 mm (35 in), mainly because autumn and winter are relatively less rainy, while summer equally receives its load of thunderstorms. This applies to the entire eastern area, from Maribor to the north-eastern flat area, on the border with Austria and Hungary.

Mountains

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In high mountains, the climate is naturally colder. Snowfalls are especially abundant in the mountains of western Slovenia, on both the northern Alpine sector and in the massif to the south, which, not coincidentally, is called "snowy mountain" (Snežnik).

Kranjska Gora

In Kranjska Gora, a ski resort near the border with Austria, 800 meters (2,600 feet) above sea level, 1,450 mm (58 in) of rain or snow fall per year, and even more in the mountains that surround it. Here, strong afternoon thunderstorms can occur in summer, as well as heavy rains in autumn, especially in October. Here are the average temperatures.

South of Kranjska Gora, we find mountains exceeding 2,500 meters (8,200 feet). The highest mountain in Slovenia and the Julian Alps is Triglav (Tricorno), 2,864 meters (9,396 feet) high. In the area, there is also a glacier, now in retreat due to global warming.
Near a peak in the vicinity, mount Kredarica, there is a meteorologic station at 2,500 meters (8,200 ft), at the Triglav Lodge. The snow reaches its maximum height in April (3.2 meters or 10.5 feet), in June it is still a meter (3.3 ft) high on average, while it has completely melted in August. Record low and high temperature are respectively -28 °C (-18.5 °F) and 21.5 °C (70.5 °F). Here are the average temperatures.


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