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Climate - Puerto Rico


Average weather, temperature, rainfall, sunshine

Flag - Puerto Rico

Map - Puerto Rico

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Puerto Rico - The climate in short



In Puerto Rico there is a tropical climate, hot all year round, with a hot and muggy season from May to October and a relatively cool season from December to March, with November and April as intermediate months.
The north-east trade winds, which blow all year round, but especially in the cool season, starting from November, deposit the moisture that has been picked up in the sea in the form of rain, especially on the northern side, which therefore is rainier than the southern one.
As a result, as regards to the rains, the hot and muggy period from May to October tends to be rainy everywhere, although on the southern coast there is a relative decrease in June and July. On the other hand, in the first months when the north-east trade winds blow (November and December, and partly January), the rains are still abundant on the north coast, where therefore there is a relatively dry period that is shorter, from January to April.

Every now and then, from December to March, the archipelago can be affected by some frontal systems from the United States, which can bring some clouds and rains, and also a cool wind, able to lower the temperature by a few degrees, although in a less noticeable way than in Cuba and Yucatan (Mexico), which are closer to the American continent.
Anyway, the temperature in these cases can drop below 10 °C (50 °F) in the inland hilly areas, and around freezing in the mountains.

Puerto Rico is a Caribbean island and an unincorporated territory of the United States, located east of the Dominican Republic.

The climate in detail


  • North coast - San Juan
  • South coast - Ponce
  • Sea temperature
  • Hills and mountains - Cerro Maravilla
  • Hurricanes
  • When to go
  • What to pack

North coast



The north coast receives more rain, and is also slightly cooler than the south, because the north-east trade winds reach it directly from the sea.

San Juan


Climate chart - San Juan

Here are the average temperatures of the capital, San Juan, located on the north coast.
San Juan - Average temperatures (1991-2020)
MonthMin (°C)Max (°C)Mean (°C)Min (°F)Max (°F)Mean (°F)
January22.228.425.3728377.5
February22.128.825.5728477.8
March22.429.325.8728578.5
April23.330.126.7748680.1
May24.330.827.6768781.6
June25.131.728.4778983.1
July25.331.528.4788983.1
August25.431.728.6788983.4
September25.331.828.6788983.4
October24.831.428.1778982.6
November23.830.127758680.5
December22.92926738478.7
Year23.930.427.175.186.781

In San Juan, 1,400 millimeters (55 inches) of rain fall per year, including more than 100 mm (4 in) per month between May and December, while the driest months, with about 55 mm (2.2 in) of rain per month, are February and March, that is, at the end of the period of the trade winds, when they become weaker. Here is the average precipitation.
San Juan - Average precipitation
MonthMillimetersInchesDays
January803.113
February50210
March602.410
April903.510
May1455.712
June1204.713
July1254.915
August1505.916
September1505.914
October1505.915
November1405.516
December1154.516
Year137554.1160

Anyway, the rains in Puerto Rico occur mainly in the form of showers or thunderstorms, which usually do not last long, so the amount of sunshine is always good, as can be seen in the following table.
San Juan - Sunshine hours
MonthAverageTotal
January7.5235
February8230
March9280
April9270
May8255
June8.5260
July9280
August8.5270
September8235
October7.5225
November6.5200
December7215
Year8.12960

South coast



On the south coast, the daytime temperature in winter is slightly higher because the prevailing winds, the northeast trade winds, come from the interior.

Ponce


Climate chart - Ponce

Here are the average temperatures in Ponce, located in the central part of the southern coast.
Ponce - Average temperatures (1991-2018)
MonthMin (°C)Max (°C)Mean (°C)Min (°F)Max (°F)Mean (°F)
January20.629.325698577
February20.529.525698577
March2129.725.3708577.6
April22.430.126.2728679.2
May23.930.827.4758881.3
June24.731.628.1768982.6
July24.73228.3769083
August24.63228.3769083
September24.232.228.2769082.7
October23.631.627.6748981.7
November22.630.726.7738780
December21.329.825.5708678
Year22.830.826.7573.187.480

Along the southern coast, which is sheltered from the trade winds, rainfall often drops below 1,000 mm (40 in) per year, and winter is particularly dry, as happens in La Parguera and Ponce. In addition, even June and July are not very rainy.
Here is the average precipitation in Ponce.
Ponce - Average precipitation
MonthMillimetersInchesDays
January2516
February2516
March401.66
April552.27
May953.710
June652.68
July652.68
August1104.310
September1505.911
October1606.313
November953.710
December351.47
Year91536102

The small island called Isla Mona, to the west, is almost arid, while Vieques, to the east, is a bit rainier, since it receives 1,070 mm (42 in) of rain per year.

Puerto Rico

Sea temperature



The sea in Puerto Rico is warm enough for swimming all year round: the water temperature ranges from 26 °C (79 °F) in February and March to 29 °C (84 °F) in September and October, as can be seen from the sea temperature near San Juan.
San Juan - Sea temperature
MonthCelsius (°C)Fahrenheit (°F)
January26.580
February2679
March2679
April26.580
May27.582
June2883
July28.583
August28.584
September2984
October2984
November28.583
December27.581
Year27.781.8

Hills and mountains



The interior of Puerto Rico is crossed by a mountain range called Cordillera Central.
Here, the temperature decreases with increasing altitude: for example, in Adjuntas, at 500 meters (1,600 feet) above sea level, highs range from 25 °C (77 °F) in winter to 29 °C (77 to 84 °F) in summer.

Cerro Maravilla

On the other hand, on Cerro Maravilla, the fourth highest peak on the island, at 1,200 meters (3,900 feet), highs range from 20 °C (68 °F) in winter to 23 °C (73 °F) in summer.
Here are the average temperatures of Cerro Maravilla.
Cerro Maravilla - Average temperatures
MonthMin (°C)Max (°C)Mean (°C)Min (°F)Max (°F)Mean (°F)
January13.620.417566962.6
February13.220.316.7566862.1
March13.520.617566962.6
April14.320.817.6587063.6
May15.321.418.4607165
June16.322.719.5617367
July16.62319.8627367.6
August16.723.119.9627467.8
September16.32319.7617367.4
October16.422.719.6627367.2
November15.321.918.6607265.6
December14.121.117.6577063.6
Year15.121.818.459.271.265

The rainiest areas are the northern slopes of the Cordillera Central, where there is no real dry season, and in particular, those of the Caribbean National Forest (or El Yunque): on Pico del Este, about 1,000 meters (3,300 feet) above sea level, 4,300 mm (170 in) of rain fall per year.

Hurricanes



From June to November, the archipelago can be hit by tropical storms and hurricanes, with a higher probability between August and October. The archipelago was hit hard by Hurricane Georges in September 1998 and by Hurricane Maria in September 2017.
However, even when they are not intense, tropical storms can produce heavy rains in mountainous areas, which can cause landslides and floods.

When to go



In general, the coolest and least rainy period in Puerto Rico runs from December to March, which is also outside of the hurricane season.
More in detail, a better period can be distinguished depending on the zones: since it is generally the least rainy periods, the best time is February-March along the north and east coasts, and from December to March along the south and west coasts.
In April, there is already a certain increase in rainfall, especially in inland areas, while the rains on the southern coast are still quite rare.
In summer, the heat is sweltering and rainfall is frequent, although it generally occurs in the form of downpours and thunderstorms that do not last long, so after a while, they give way to the sun. However, there is some risk of tropical storms and hurricanes.
If you want to visit Puerto Rico in summer, you may prefer the south coast, which is less rainy, especially in June and July, when there is a certain decrease in precipitation, in addition, the risk of hurricanes in these months is lower than in August.
The Americans have introduced the habit of using air conditioning, so the temperature inside buildings is often much lower than outdoors: it can be useful to bring some warmer clothes, at least for those who are sensitive to cold.

What to pack



From December to April: bring light clothes, and a sweatshirt for the evening.
From May to November: bring tropics-friendly, lightweight clothing, and possibly a light sweatshirt and a light raincoat for thunderstorms. Add a light sweatshirt and a pashmina for airconditioned places.

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