Weather and climate in Trabzon (Turkey)

In Trabzon (or Trebizond) there is a transitional climate between the Mediterranean and the oceanic one, given that the winters are mild but with cold periods, and the summers are warm but quite rainy and not very sunny.
The city is located in eastern Turkey, on the eastern coast of the Black Sea. Immediately to the south there are hills, so much so that the highest districts of the city are located at around 400 meters (1,300 feet) and have a cooler and more humid climate. We are in fact at the foot of the Pontic Mountains, which 40 km (25 mi) to the south reach around 2,500 metres (8,200 ft).
A warm, föhn-type wind can come down from the mountains, which can bring the temperature up to 25 °C (77 °F) in winter and 35 °C (95 °F) in June and September, perhaps only for a day, while in July and August it generally does not blow.



Even though the winter is quite mild, there can be cold periods, during which the wind from the north, from Russia, is loaded with humidity as it passes over the Black Sea, and in which the temperature remains around freezing, and snow or rain mixed with snow may fall. Snowfall can be heavy at times, especially in hilly neighborhoods. Every now and then, like in 1997 and 2004, it can snow even in April.
Given the influence of the sea, the temperature on the coast does not drop much at night, however, in January 1964 it dropped to -6 °C (21 °F), and in February 1985 to -5 °C (23 °F).
Summer is definitely less hot than on the southern coast of Turkey, but it is also a little less hot than in Istanbul and the western part of the Black Sea coast. Furthermore, the sun does not shine very often, and rains and thunderstorms are quite frequent, although they are generally not abundant. June is the sunniest month, but it is still a bit cool, and the sea is also cool.
In fact, the sea is warm enough for swimming from July to September.
The north-eastern coast of Turkey is also quite protected from heat waves, and although there can be some slightly muggy periods, the temperature rarely reaches 30 °C (86 °F). The only exception is the days when the wind blows from the mountains, which however are very rare, and as we said, generally do not occur in July and August.

Trabzon - Climate data

The average temperature of the coldest month (February) is of 8 °C (46.4 °F), that of the warmest month (August) is of 24.6 °C (76.4 °F). Here are the average temperatures.
Precipitation amounts to 900 millimeters (35.4 inches) per year: so, it is at an intermediate level. It ranges from 35 mm (1.4 in) in the driest month (July) to 135 mm (5.3 in) in the wettest one (October). Here is the average precipitation.
The sea temperature ranges from 8.5 °C (47 °F) in February, March to 26 °C (79 °F) in August. Here are the average sea temperatures.
There are on average around 1570 sunshine hours per year. Here are the average hours of sunshine per day.

Trabzon - Weather by month

Based on the period 1991-2020

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January is generally a quite mild month. The average temperature is of 8.2 °C (47 °F), with a minimum of 5 °C (41 °F) and a maximum of 11.3 °C (52.3 °F).
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around 0 °C (32 °F). However, it dropped to -3.2 °C (26.2 °F) in January 2010.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 20 °C (68 °F). However, it reached 24 °C (75.2 °F) in January 2005.
Precipitation amounts to 90 mm (3.5 in), distributed over 11 days.
The day lasts on average 9 hours and 35 minutes.
There are on average 2.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 25% of the time.
The average humidity is 68%.
The average wind speed is 10 kph (6 mph).
The average sea temperature is of 10 °C (49.5 °F). Therefore, the sea is very cold for swimming.

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February, the coldest month of the year, is generally a quite mild month. The average temperature is of 8 °C (46 °F), with a minimum of 4.6 °C (40.3 °F) and a maximum of 11.4 °C (52.5 °F).
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around -0.5 °C (31.5 °F). However, it dropped to -4.4 °C (24.1 °F) in February 2020.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 21.5 °C (71 °F). However, it reached 27.2 °C (81 °F) in February 2004.
Precipitation amounts to 65 mm (2.6 in), distributed over 10 days.
The day lasts on average 10 hours and 40 minutes.
There are on average 3 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 29% of the time.
The average humidity is 70%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average wind speed is 10 kph (6 mph).
The average sea temperature is of 8.5 °C (47.5 °F). Therefore, the sea is very cold for swimming.

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March is generally a mild month. The average temperature is of 9.6 °C (49 °F), with a minimum of 6.2 °C (43.2 °F) and a maximum of 13 °C (55.4 °F).
On the coldest nights, which normally occur at the beginning of the month, the temperature usually drops to around 0.5 °C (33.5 °F). However, it dropped to -3.4 °C (25.9 °F) in March 1998.
On the warmest days, which normally occur at the end of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 25.5 °C (77.5 °F). However, it reached 33.1 °C (91.6 °F) in March 2001.
Precipitation amounts to 70 mm (2.8 in), distributed over 11 days.
The day lasts on average 12 hours and 0 minutes.
There are on average 3 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 27% of the time.
The average humidity is 73%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average wind speed is 10 kph (6 mph).
The average sea temperature is of 8.5 °C (47.5 °F). Therefore, the sea is very cold for swimming.

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April is generally a mild month. The average temperature is of 12.6 °C (55 °F), with a minimum of 9 °C (48.2 °F) and a maximum of 16.3 °C (61.3 °F).
On the coldest nights, which normally occur at the beginning of the month, the temperature usually drops to around 4 °C (39 °F). However, it dropped to -2 °C (28.4 °F) in April 2004.
On the warmest days, which normally occur at the end of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 26.5 °C (80 °F). However, it reached 35.1 °C (95.2 °F) in April 2008.
Precipitation amounts to 65 mm (2.6 in), distributed over 11 days.
The day lasts on average 13 hours and 25 minutes.
There are on average 4.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 32% of the time.
The average humidity is 77%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average wind speed is 9 kph (5 mph).
The average sea temperature is of 11 °C (51.5 °F). Therefore, the sea is very cold for swimming.

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May is generally a very mild month. The average temperature is of 16.7 °C (62 °F), with a minimum of 13.4 °C (56.1 °F) and a maximum of 20 °C (68 °F).
On the coldest nights, which normally occur at the beginning of the month, the temperature usually drops to around 8.5 °C (47.5 °F). However, it dropped to 7.2 °C (45 °F) in May 1992.
On the warmest days, which normally occur at the end of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 28 °C (82.5 °F). However, it reached 34.4 °C (93.9 °F) in May 2005.
Precipitation amounts to 55 mm (2.2 in), distributed over 11 days.
The day lasts on average 14 hours and 30 minutes. So the days are long.
There are on average 5.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 39% of the time.
The average humidity is 79%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average wind speed is 8 kph (5 mph).
The average sea temperature is of 16 °C (60.5 °F). Therefore, the sea is cold for swimming.

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June is generally a warm month. The average temperature is of 21.0 °C (70 °F), with a minimum of 17.6 °C (63.7 °F) and a maximum of 24.5 °C (76.1 °F).
On the coldest nights, which normally occur at the beginning of the month, the temperature usually drops to around 14 °C (57.5 °F). However, it dropped to 11.2 °C (52.2 °F) in June 1994.
On the warmest days, which normally occur at the end of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 28.5 °C (83.5 °F). However, it reached 35 °C (95 °F) in June 1994.
Precipitation amounts to 50 mm (2 in), distributed over 10 days.
The day lasts on average 15 hours and 5 minutes. So the days are long. June 21, the summer solstice, is the longest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere.
There are on average 7 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 45% of the time.
The average humidity is 75%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average wind speed is 8 kph (5 mph).
The average sea temperature is of 21.5 °C (71 °F). Therefore, the sea is cool for swimming.

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July is generally a warm to hot, muggy month. The average temperature is of 24.0 °C (75 °F), with a minimum of 20.6 °C (69.1 °F) and a maximum of 27.5 °C (81.5 °F).
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around 17.5 °C (64 °F). However, it dropped to 14.5 °C (58.1 °F) in July 1992.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 29.5 °C (85.5 °F). However, it reached 32.1 °C (89.8 °F) in July 2000.
Precipitation amounts to 35 mm (1.4 in), distributed over 7 days.
The day lasts on average 14 hours and 50 minutes. So the days are long.
There are on average 6 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 39% of the time.
The average humidity is 73%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average wind speed is 9 kph (5 mph).
The average sea temperature is of 25 °C (77 °F). Therefore, the sea is warm enough for swimming.

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August, the warmest month of the year, is generally a warm to hot, muggy month. The average temperature is of 24.6 °C (76 °F), with a minimum of 21.2 °C (70.2 °F) and a maximum of 28.1 °C (82.6 °F).
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around 18.5 °C (65.5 °F). However, it dropped to 16.6 °C (61.9 °F) in August 1995.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 30 °C (86 °F). However, it reached 31.4 °C (88.5 °F) in August 2010.
Precipitation amounts to 60 mm (2.4 in), distributed over 9 days.
The day lasts on average 13 hours and 40 minutes.
There are on average 5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 37% of the time.
The average humidity is 72%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average wind speed is 9 kph (5 mph).
The average sea temperature is of 26 °C (79 °F). Therefore, the sea is warm enough for swimming.

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September is generally a warm month. The average temperature is of 21.4 °C (71 °F), with a minimum of 17.8 °C (64 °F) and a maximum of 25.1 °C (77.2 °F).
On the coldest nights, which normally occur at the end of the month, the temperature usually drops to around 14.5 °C (58 °F). However, it dropped to 10.3 °C (50.5 °F) in September 1992.
On the warmest days, which normally occur at the beginning of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 29 °C (84.5 °F). However, it reached 38 °C (100.4 °F) in September 2016.
Precipitation amounts to 85 mm (3.3 in), distributed over 10 days.
The day lasts on average 12 hours and 25 minutes.
There are on average 5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 40% of the time.
The average humidity is 73%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average wind speed is 10 kph (6 mph).
The average sea temperature is of 24 °C (75 °F). Therefore, the sea is warm enough for swimming.

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October is generally a very mild month. The average temperature is of 17.6 °C (64 °F), with a minimum of 14.1 °C (57.4 °F) and a maximum of 21 °C (69.8 °F).
On the coldest nights, which normally occur at the end of the month, the temperature usually drops to around 9.5 °C (49 °F). However, it dropped to 2 °C (35.6 °F) in October 1997.
On the warmest days, which normally occur at the beginning of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 28 °C (82.5 °F). However, it reached 32 °C (89.6 °F) in October 2003.
Precipitation amounts to 135 mm (5.3 in), distributed over 11 days.
The day lasts on average 11 hours and 5 minutes.
There are on average 4.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 39% of the time.
The average humidity is 74%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average wind speed is 9 kph (5 mph).
The average sea temperature is of 20 °C (68 °F). Therefore, the sea is very cool for swimming.

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November is generally a mild month. The average temperature is of 13.0 °C (55 °F), with a minimum of 9.6 °C (49.3 °F) and a maximum of 16.5 °C (61.7 °F).
On the coldest nights, which normally occur at the end of the month, the temperature usually drops to around 5 °C (40.5 °F). However, it dropped to 0 °C (32 °F) in November 1992.
On the warmest days, which normally occur at the beginning of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 24.5 °C (76 °F). However, it reached 30 °C (86 °F) in November 2016.
Precipitation amounts to 105 mm (4.1 in), distributed over 9 days.
The day lasts on average 9 hours and 55 minutes.
There are on average 3.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 36% of the time.
The average humidity is 69%.
The average wind speed is 9 kph (6 mph).
The average sea temperature is of 15.5 °C (60.5 °F). Therefore, the sea is cold for swimming.

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December is generally a mild month. The average temperature is of 10.0 °C (50 °F), with a minimum of 6.8 °C (44.2 °F) and a maximum of 13.1 °C (55.6 °F).
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around 1.5 °C (35 °F). However, it dropped to -2.3 °C (27.9 °F) in December 2006.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 22 °C (72 °F). However, it reached 27 °C (80.6 °F) in December 2012.
Precipitation amounts to 95 mm (3.7 in), distributed over 11 days.
The day lasts on average 9 hours and 20 minutes. December 21, the winter solstice, is the shortest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere.
There are on average 2 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 24% of the time.
The average humidity is 68%.
The average wind speed is 9 kph (6 mph).
The average sea temperature is of 12 °C (54 °F). Therefore, the sea is very cold for swimming.