, with cold winters and warm, sunny summers, though with strong temperature variations between night and day.
Erzurum is a city of 365,000 inhabitants located in the north-east of Turkey, in the Eastern Anatolia Region, at 1,900 meters (6,200 feet) above sea level and almost 40 degrees north latitude.
is not abundant, however, it is moderate in spring, and for a shorter period in autumn, while it is quite scarce in winter, when however it is quite frequent and generally occurs in the form of snow or sleet, and in summer, when it occurs in the form of thunderstorms.
, from December to February, fog can sometimes form. During cold spells, temperatures can drop to -30 °C (-22 °F) or below. The coldest record is -41 °C (-41.8 °F), set in January 1980.
, from March to May, is an unstable season, with temperature swings and gusts of wind. It is also the rainiest season, also because of the thunderstorms that break out in April and May. In March it still snows quite often, but sometimes it can snow even in April.
, from June to August, is a sunny season, with some afternoon thunderstorms, usually short-lived. Due to the altitude, the temperature drops significantly at night, so it can get cold even in this season. During the day, however, it can get very hot, with highs reaching 34/35 °C (93/95 °F), even though the humidity is low. The heat record is 36.2 °C (97.2 °F), set in August 2006 and August 2023.
. Here are the average temperatures.
January, the coldest month of the year, is generally a freezing cold month. The average temperature is of
-10 °C, with a minimum of
-15.9 °C and a maximum of
-4 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-29.5 °C. However, it dropped to
-36 °C in January 1995.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
4.5 °C. However, it reached
7.7 °C in January 2010.
Precipitation amounts to
19.2 mm, distributed over 6 days.
The day lasts on average 9 hours and 40 minutes.
There are on average 3.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 36% of the time.
The average humidity is 81%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average wind speed is of
7.8 kph.
February is generally a freezing cold month. The average temperature is of
-8.5 °C, with a minimum of
-14.7 °C and a maximum of
-2.4 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-29 °C. However, it dropped to
-37 °C in February 1991.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
5 °C. However, it reached
8.7 °C in February 2010.
Precipitation amounts to
21.1 mm, distributed over 5 days.
The day lasts on average 10 hours and 40 minutes.
There are on average 4.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 41% of the time.
The average humidity is 81%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average wind speed is of
8.6 kph.
March is generally a very cold month. The average temperature is of
-1.8 °C, with a minimum of
-7.5 °C and a maximum of
3.9 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-20 °C. However, it dropped to
-33.2 °C in March 2000.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
12.5 °C. However, it reached
21.2 °C in March 1991.
Precipitation amounts to
37.6 mm, distributed over 9 days.
The day lasts on average 12 hours and 0 minutes.
There are on average 5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 42% of the time.
The average humidity is 74%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average wind speed is of
11.2 kph.
April is generally a quite cold month. The average temperature is of
5.7 °C, with a minimum of
-0.7 °C and a maximum of
12.1 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-9 °C. However, it dropped to
-22 °C in April 2003.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
19.5 °C. However, it reached
25.1 °C in April 2008.
Precipitation amounts to
58.7 mm, distributed over 10 days.
The day lasts on average 13 hours and 20 minutes.
There are on average 6 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 46% of the time.
The average humidity is 65%.
The average wind speed is of
12.6 kph.
May is generally a mild month. However, there are remarkable differences between night and day. The average temperature is of
10.5 °C, with a minimum of
3.4 °C and a maximum of
17.7 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-2.5 °C. However, it dropped to
-7 °C in May 1999.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
24 °C. However, it reached
26.8 °C in May 2007.
Precipitation amounts to
76.5 mm, distributed over 13 days.
The day lasts on average 14 hours and 25 minutes. So the days are long.
There are on average 7.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 53% of the time.
The average humidity is 63%.
The average wind speed is of
11.7 kph.
June is generally a mild month. However, there are remarkable differences between night and day. The average temperature is of
14.5 °C, with a minimum of
6.1 °C and a maximum of
22.9 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
0.5 °C. However, it dropped to
-5.6 °C in June 1997.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
28.5 °C. However, it reached
32 °C in June 2017.
Precipitation amounts to
40.5 mm, distributed over 8 days.
The day lasts on average 15 hours and 0 minutes. So the days are long. June 21, the summer solstice, is the longest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere.
There are on average 10 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 67% of the time.
The average humidity is 57%.
The average wind speed is of
11.1 kph.
July is generally a warm month. However, there are remarkable differences between night and day. The average temperature is of
18.8 °C, with a minimum of
9.9 °C and a maximum of
27.7 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
4 °C. However, it dropped to
-1.8 °C in July 1992.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
33 °C. However, it reached
35.6 °C in July 2000.
Precipitation amounts to
23.5 mm, distributed over 4 days.
The day lasts on average 14 hours and 40 minutes. So the days are long.
There are on average 10.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 73% of the time.
The average humidity is 50%.
The average wind speed is of
13.1 kph.
August, the warmest month of the year, is generally a warm month. However, there are remarkable differences between night and day. The average temperature is of
19.2 °C, with a minimum of
10 °C and a maximum of
28.5 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
4.5 °C. However, it dropped to
1 °C in August 2020.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
33 °C. However, it reached
35.7 °C in August 2006.
Precipitation amounts to
17.5 mm, distributed over 4 days.
The day lasts on average 13 hours and 40 minutes.
There are on average 10 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 75% of the time.
The average humidity is 46%.
The average wind speed is of
13 kph.
September is generally a mild month. However, there are remarkable differences between night and day. The average temperature is of
14 °C, with a minimum of
4.4 °C and a maximum of
23.7 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-1.5 °C. However, it dropped to
-5.8 °C in September 2009.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
29.5 °C. However, it reached
33.3 °C in September 2006.
Precipitation amounts to
22.2 mm, distributed over 4 days.
The day lasts on average 12 hours and 25 minutes.
There are on average 8.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 68% of the time.
The average humidity is 47%.
The average wind speed is of
10.7 kph.
October is generally a quite mild month. However, there are remarkable differences between night and day. The average temperature is of
8.4 °C, with a minimum of
0.3 °C and a maximum of
16.4 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-7 °C. However, it dropped to
-15 °C in October 2003.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
23.5 °C. However, it reached
26.4 °C in October 2012.
Precipitation amounts to
45 mm, distributed over 7 days.
The day lasts on average 11 hours and 5 minutes.
There are on average 6.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 59% of the time.
The average humidity is 62%.
The average wind speed is of
9.4 kph.
November is generally a cold month. However, there are remarkable differences between night and day. The average temperature is of
0.6 °C, with a minimum of
-6 °C and a maximum of
7.3 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-16.5 °C. However, it dropped to
-34.3 °C in November 2001.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
15.5 °C. However, it reached
20.8 °C in November 2009.
Precipitation amounts to
26.2 mm, distributed over 5 days.
The day lasts on average 10 hours and 0 minutes.
There are on average 5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 48% of the time.
The average humidity is 72%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average wind speed is of
8.6 kph.
December is generally a freezing cold month. The average temperature is of
-6.8 °C, with a minimum of
-12.4 °C and a maximum of
-1.3 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-26 °C. However, it dropped to
-37.2 °C in December 2002.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
7 °C. However, it reached
13.7 °C in December 2010.
Precipitation amounts to
23.9 mm, distributed over 6 days.
The day lasts on average 9 hours and 25 minutes. December 21, the winter solstice, is the shortest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere.
There are on average 3 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 31% of the time.
The average humidity is 82%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average wind speed is of
7.4 kph.