The city is located in the south-east of Turkey, 675 meters (2,215 feet) above sea level, in upper Mesopotamia; it is crossed by the Tigris River and is considered the capital of Turkish Kurdistan.
, there may be periods characterized by cold and snow. During the most intense cold spells, the temperature can drop to -15 °C (5 °F) or even below. In December 2006 it dropped to -23 °C (9.5 °F).
Despite the altitude, summer is very hot. During heat waves, the temperature can reach or exceed 40 °C (104 °F). In July 1980 and July 2000 it reached 45 °C (113 °F).
. Here are the average temperatures.
January, the coldest month of the year, is generally a cold month. The average temperature is of
2.4 °C, with a minimum of
-2.5 °C and a maximum of
7.3 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-9.5 °C. However, it dropped to
-20.5 °C in January 2007.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
12.5 °C. However, it reached
16 °C in January 2010.
Precipitation amounts to
65 mm, distributed over 12 days.
The day lasts on average 9 hours and 55 minutes.
There are on average 4 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 39% of the time.
The average humidity is 75%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average wind speed is of
8.1 kph.
February is generally a quite cold month. The average temperature is of
4 °C, with a minimum of
-1.6 °C and a maximum of
9.5 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-8.5 °C. However, it dropped to
-18 °C in February 2007.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
16.5 °C. However, it reached
22 °C in February 2016.
Precipitation amounts to
65 mm, distributed over 11 days.
The day lasts on average 10 hours and 50 minutes.
There are on average 5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 44% of the time.
The average humidity is 70%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average wind speed is of
9 kph.
March is generally a mild month. The average temperature is of
8.6 °C, with a minimum of
2.1 °C and a maximum of
15 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-3.5 °C. However, it dropped to
-8.2 °C in March 1997.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
21.5 °C. However, it reached
29 °C in March 2008.
Precipitation amounts to
70 mm, distributed over 13 days.
The day lasts on average 12 hours and 0 minutes.
There are on average 5.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 47% of the time.
The average humidity is 64%.
The average wind speed is of
10.1 kph.
April is generally a mild month. However, there are remarkable differences between night and day. The average temperature is of
13.3 °C, with a minimum of
6.2 °C and a maximum of
20.4 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
0.5 °C. However, it dropped to
-5.3 °C in April 1997.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
27 °C. However, it reached
36 °C in April 2008.
Precipitation amounts to
65 mm, distributed over 12 days.
The day lasts on average 13 hours and 10 minutes.
There are on average 7 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 52% of the time.
The average humidity is 62%.
The average wind speed is of
9.4 kph.
May is generally a warm month. However, there are remarkable differences between night and day. The average temperature is of
18.7 °C, with a minimum of
10.7 °C and a maximum of
26.7 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
5.5 °C. However, it dropped to
2.2 °C in May 1997.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
33.5 °C. However, it reached
36.7 °C in May 1994.
Precipitation amounts to
50 mm, distributed over 11 days.
The day lasts on average 14 hours and 10 minutes. So the days are long.
There are on average 9.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 68% of the time.
The average humidity is 54%.
The average wind speed is of
9.7 kph.
June is generally a warm to hot month. However, there are remarkable differences between night and day. The average temperature is of
25.4 °C, with a minimum of
16.6 °C and a maximum of
34.3 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
11 °C. However, it dropped to
7.7 °C in June 1997.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
39.5 °C. However, it reached
42 °C in June 2010.
Precipitation amounts to
10.8 mm, distributed over 4 days.
The day lasts on average 14 hours and 50 minutes. So the days are long. June 21, the summer solstice, is the longest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere.
There are on average 12 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 82% of the time.
The average humidity is 32%. Hence, the air is normally dry.
The average wind speed is of
12.7 kph.
July, the hottest month of the year, is generally a very hot month. However, there are remarkable differences between night and day. The average temperature is of
30.1 °C, with a minimum of
21.5 °C and a maximum of
38.7 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
16.5 °C. However, it dropped to
11 °C in July 1992.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
42 °C. However, it reached
45 °C in July 2000.
Precipitation amounts to only
1 mm, and all occurs in one day.
The day lasts on average 14 hours and 30 minutes. So the days are long.
There are on average 12.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 86% of the time.
The average humidity is 24%. Hence, the air is normally dry.
The average wind speed is of
12.8 kph.
August is generally a very hot month. However, there are remarkable differences between night and day. The average temperature is of
29.8 °C, with a minimum of
21 °C and a maximum of
38.5 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
16.5 °C. However, it dropped to
13.8 °C in August 1999.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
42 °C. However, it reached
44.3 °C in August 2011.
Precipitation amounts to only
0.4 mm, and all occurs in one day.
The day lasts on average 13 hours and 35 minutes.
There are on average 11.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 86% of the time.
The average humidity is 24%. Hence, the air is normally dry.
The average wind speed is of
11.2 kph.
September is generally a warm to hot month. However, there are remarkable differences between night and day. The average temperature is of
24.6 °C, with a minimum of
15.8 °C and a maximum of
33.3 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
11 °C. However, it dropped to
5 °C in September 2009.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
38.5 °C. However, it reached
41 °C in September 2020.
Precipitation amounts to only
8.4 mm, distributed over 2 days.
The day lasts on average 12 hours and 25 minutes.
There are on average 10 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 80% of the time.
The average humidity is 29%. Hence, the air is normally dry.
The average wind speed is of
10.1 kph.
October is generally a very mild month. However, there are remarkable differences between night and day. The average temperature is of
17.9 °C, with a minimum of
10.2 °C and a maximum of
25.6 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
4.5 °C. However, it dropped to
0 °C in October 2003.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
32.5 °C. However, it reached
35.6 °C in October 2002.
Precipitation amounts to
35 mm, distributed over 7 days.
The day lasts on average 11 hours and 10 minutes.
There are on average 7.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 66% of the time.
The average humidity is 45%.
The average wind speed is of
8.1 kph.
November is generally a mild month. However, there are remarkable differences between night and day. The average temperature is of
9.7 °C, with a minimum of
3.2 °C and a maximum of
16.3 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-3 °C. However, it dropped to
-9 °C in November 2001.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
22.5 °C. However, it reached
28 °C in November 2002.
Precipitation amounts to
55 mm, distributed over 8 days.
The day lasts on average 10 hours and 5 minutes.
There are on average 5.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 54% of the time.
The average humidity is 62%.
The average wind speed is of
7.1 kph.
December is generally a quite cold month. The average temperature is of
4.1 °C, with a minimum of
-0.9 °C and a maximum of
9.2 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-8 °C. However, it dropped to
-23 °C in December 2006.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
15 °C. However, it reached
22.5 °C in December 2010.
Precipitation amounts to
75 mm, distributed over 12 days.
The day lasts on average 9 hours and 35 minutes. December 21, the winter solstice, is the shortest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere.
There are on average 4 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 40% of the time.
The average humidity is 76%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average wind speed is of
7.1 kph.