Gyzylarbat (formerly Serdar, and before that Kyzyl-Arvat or Farāva) is a city of 90,000 inhabitants, located in western Turkmenistan, in the province of Balkan, and at 39 degrees north latitude.
, which occupies most of Turkmenistan, while just to the south are mountains, the northernmost part of the
is decidedly scarce, amounting to 200 millimeters (8 inches) per year. Most of the rain falls from November to May, with a maximum in February and March, due to the clash of air masses in spring, while in summer it almost never rains.
, from December to February, is quite cold, especially at night, when the temperature often drops below freezing. The average temperature in January is around 4 °C (39 °F).
Due to the arid climate, both rain and snow are quite rare, and in any case generally not abundant.
There are quite mild periods, during which the temperature can reach or exceed 15 °C (59 °F). When the wind blows from the mountains, the temperature can reach, and sometimes exceed, 20 °C (68 °F) even in the middle of winter.
, during which the temperature drops once every few years to -10 °C (14 °F), more rarely to -15 °C (5 °F). The coldest record is -24.1 °C (-11 °F), set in February 2014. In 1969, the daily average was -7.6 °C (18.2 °F) in January and -9.1 °C (15.6 °F) in February.
, from June to August, is very hot and sunny. The average in July is 32 °C (89.5 °F), with a maximum of 38.5 °C (101 °F).
On the hottest days of the year, the temperature usually reaches 44/45 °C (111/113 °F). The heat record is 47.3 °C (117.1 °F), set in July 1991.
. Here are the average temperatures.
January, the coldest month of the year, is generally a cold month. The average temperature is of
3.2 °C, with a minimum of
-0.8 °C and a maximum of
7.3 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-7 °C. However, it dropped to
-23.6 °C in January 2008.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
18 °C. However, it reached
24.5 °C in January 2007.
Precipitation amounts to
29.2 mm, distributed over 5 days.
The day lasts on average 9 hours and 50 minutes.
There are on average 4 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 39% of the time.
The average humidity is 78%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
February is generally a quite cold month. The average temperature is of
5 °C, with a minimum of
0.5 °C and a maximum of
9.6 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-7 °C. However, it dropped to
-24.1 °C in February 2014.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
21 °C. However, it reached
28.6 °C in February 2020.
Precipitation amounts to
29.7 mm, distributed over 5 days.
The day lasts on average 10 hours and 40 minutes.
There are on average 5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 46% of the time.
The average humidity is 74%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
March is generally a mild month. The average temperature is of
10.8 °C, with a minimum of
5.5 °C and a maximum of
16.2 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-1.5 °C. However, it dropped to
-7.1 °C in March 1996.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
26.5 °C. However, it reached
34.9 °C in March 2002.
Precipitation amounts to
32.4 mm, distributed over 5 days.
The day lasts on average 12 hours and 0 minutes.
There are on average 6 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 49% of the time.
The average humidity is 63%.
April is generally a very mild month. The average temperature is of
17.5 °C, with a minimum of
11.5 °C and a maximum of
23.5 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
4 °C. However, it dropped to
-0.7 °C in April 2006.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
34.5 °C. However, it reached
40.4 °C in April 2008.
Precipitation amounts to
18.1 mm, distributed over 2 days.
The day lasts on average 13 hours and 20 minutes.
There are on average 7.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 56% of the time.
The average humidity is 58%.
May is generally a warm to hot month. The average temperature is of
24.3 °C, with a minimum of
17.9 °C and a maximum of
30.7 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
11.5 °C. However, it dropped to
3.8 °C in May 1992.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
38.5 °C. However, it reached
44.1 °C in May 2001.
Precipitation amounts to
22.2 mm, distributed over 2 days.
The day lasts on average 14 hours and 20 minutes. So the days are long.
There are on average 9.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 66% of the time.
The average humidity is 46%.
June is generally a very hot month. However, there are remarkable differences between night and day. The average temperature is of
29.6 °C, with a minimum of
23 °C and a maximum of
36.3 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
17.5 °C. However, it dropped to
11.7 °C in June 2009.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
42.5 °C. However, it reached
46 °C in June 2015.
Precipitation amounts to only
8.1 mm, and all occurs in one day.
The day lasts on average 14 hours and 55 minutes. So the days are long. June 21, the summer solstice, is the longest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere.
There are on average 11.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 77% of the time.
The average humidity is 38%.
July, the hottest month of the year, is generally a scorchingly hot month. However, there are remarkable differences between night and day. The average temperature is of
32.2 °C, with a minimum of
25.7 °C and a maximum of
38.7 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
20.5 °C. However, it dropped to
15.6 °C in July 1999.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
43.5 °C. However, it reached
47.3 °C in July 1991.
Precipitation amounts to only
1.1 mm, distributed over 0 days.
The day lasts on average 14 hours and 35 minutes. So the days are long.
There are on average 11.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 78% of the time.
The average humidity is 36%.
August is generally a very hot month. However, there are remarkable differences between night and day. The average temperature is of
30.8 °C, with a minimum of
23.9 °C and a maximum of
37.7 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
18 °C. However, it dropped to
12.6 °C in August 1992.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
43 °C. However, it reached
47.2 °C in August 2011.
Precipitation amounts to only
6.7 mm, and all occurs in one day.
The day lasts on average 13 hours and 35 minutes.
There are on average 11 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 81% of the time.
The average humidity is 33%. Hence, the air is normally dry.
September is generally a warm to hot month. However, there are remarkable differences between night and day. The average temperature is of
25 °C, with a minimum of
18 °C and a maximum of
31.9 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
11 °C. However, it dropped to
6 °C in September 2020.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
38.5 °C. However, it reached
41.9 °C in September 2010.
Precipitation amounts to only
1.5 mm, distributed over 0 days.
The day lasts on average 12 hours and 25 minutes.
There are on average 10 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 80% of the time.
The average humidity is 38%.
October is generally a very mild month. The average temperature is of
17.2 °C, with a minimum of
10.8 °C and a maximum of
23.6 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
3.5 °C. However, it dropped to
-1.7 °C in October 1995.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
33.5 °C. However, it reached
39.3 °C in October 2002.
Precipitation amounts to
11.1 mm, distributed over 2 days.
The day lasts on average 11 hours and 10 minutes.
There are on average 7.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 68% of the time.
The average humidity is 51%.
November is generally a mild month. The average temperature is of
9.3 °C, with a minimum of
4.5 °C and a maximum of
14.1 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-3 °C. However, it dropped to
-14.6 °C in November 2019.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
24.5 °C. However, it reached
34.4 °C in November 2009.
Precipitation amounts to
23.4 mm, distributed over 4 days.
The day lasts on average 10 hours and 5 minutes.
There are on average 6 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 58% of the time.
The average humidity is 69%.
December is generally a quite cold month. The average temperature is of
4.4 °C, with a minimum of
0.6 °C and a maximum of
8.1 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-6 °C. However, it dropped to
-14.2 °C in December 2002.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
19 °C. However, it reached
26.5 °C in December 2010.
Precipitation amounts to
15.4 mm, distributed over 3 days.
The day lasts on average 9 hours and 30 minutes. December 21, the winter solstice, is the shortest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere.
There are on average 3.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 37% of the time.
The average humidity is 79%. Hence, the air is normally humid.