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Average weather, temperature, rainfall, sunshine hours
The climate of Esenguly is
subtropical desert, with quite mild winters and hot, sunny summers.
Esenguly (or Hasan-Kuly, Gasan-Kuli) is a village of 6,000 inhabitants, located in southwestern Turkmenistan, in the Balkan province, on the coast of the
Caspian Sea, near the border with Iran, 22 meters (72 feet) below sea level, and at 37 degrees north latitude.
Due to the southern and coastal location, we are in the
mildest part of Turkmenistan.
To the south, in Iran, is the
Elburz (or Alborz) range, from which hot winds can blow, raising temperatures by several degrees, especially in spring. The heat records reach or exceed 40 °C (104 °F) from April to October.
In the
Köppen classification, the average annual temperature of Esenguly, 17.5 °C (63.5 °F), is close to the threshold (18 °C or 64.5 °F) between the cold desert climate (BWk) and the hot desert climate (BWh).
Precipitation is decidedly scarce, amounting to 190 millimeters (7.5 inches) per year. In summer it almost never rains.
Winter, from December to February, is quite mild during the day, although with cold nights, during which the temperature quite often drops below freezing, even though only slightly. The average temperature in January is around 6 °C (43 °F).
In periods of stable weather,
fog can form, although more rarely than in the inland areas.
Due to the arid climate, both rain and snowfall are quite rare, and in any case generally not abundant.
There are mild periods, during which the temperature can exceed 15 °C (59 °F), and with the south wind, even 20 °C (68 °F).
During
cold waves, the temperature drops once every few years to -10 °C (14 °F) or below. The record is -17.9 °C (-0.2 °F), set in January 1969. In that winter, the daily average was -0.8 °C (30.6 °F) in January and 1 °C (33.8 °F) in February.
Summer, from June to August, is hot, muggy and sunny. The average temperature in July and August is around 28.5 °C (83.5 °F). The daytime temperature is lower than in the rest of Turkmenistan, but the humidity is significantly higher, even in relation to Turkmenbashy and the part of the Caspian Sea coast more to the north.
Sometimes, when the wind blows from the interior or from the southern mountains, the temperature can exceed 40 °C (104 °F), perhaps only for a day. In these cases, however, the humidity decreases. The record is 46.5 °C (115.7 °F), set at the end of June 1995.
Esenguly - Climate data
In Esenguly, the
average temperature of the coldest month (January) is of 6.7 °C (44.1 °F), that of the warmest month (August) is of 28.6 °C (83.6 °F). Here are the average temperatures.
Esenguly - Average temperatures (1991-2020) |
| Month | Min | Max | Mean |
|---|
| January | 1.8 | 11.6 | 6.7 |
|---|
| February | 2.8 | 12.5 | 7.6 |
|---|
| March | 6.4 | 16 | 11.2 |
|---|
| April | 11.3 | 20.8 | 16 |
|---|
| May | 17 | 25.9 | 21.4 |
|---|
| June | 21.8 | 29.4 | 25.6 |
|---|
| July | 25.3 | 31.3 | 28.3 |
|---|
| August | 25.2 | 32.1 | 28.6 |
|---|
| September | 20.6 | 29.5 | 25 |
|---|
| October | 13.6 | 24.7 | 19.2 |
|---|
| November | 7.4 | 17.8 | 12.6 |
|---|
| December | 3.4 | 13 | 8.2 |
|---|
| Year | 13.1 | 22.1 | 17.55 |
|---|
amounts to 190 millimeters (7.5 inches) per year: it is therefore at a desert level. It ranges from 5 mm (0.2 in) in the driest months (June, July) to 32 mm (1.3 in) in the wettest one (November). Here is the average precipitation.
Esenguly - Average precipitation| Month | Days |
|---|
| January | 21 | 5 |
|---|
| February | 21 | 5 |
|---|
| March | 25 | 4 |
|---|
| April | 16 | 4 |
|---|
| May | 6 | 1 |
|---|
| June | 5 | 1 |
|---|
| July | 5 | 1 |
|---|
| August | 9 | 1 |
|---|
| September | 8 | 1 |
|---|
| October | 22 | 3 |
|---|
| November | 32 | 5 |
|---|
| December | 21 | 6 |
|---|
| Year | 190 | 36 |
|---|
The
sea temperature ranges from 13 °C (55 °F) in February to 28 °C (82 °F) in August. Here are the average sea temperatures.
Esenguly - Sea temperature| Month |
|---|
| January | 1414 |
|---|
| February | 13 |
|---|
| March | 13.5 |
|---|
| April | 16 |
|---|
| May | 20 |
|---|
| June | 24 |
|---|
| July | 27 |
|---|
| August | 28 |
|---|
| September | 26 |
|---|
| October | 23 |
|---|
| November | 19.5"> |
|---|
| December | 16 |
|---|
| Year | 20 |
|---|
There are on average around 2680
sunshine hours per year. Here are the average hours of sunshine per day.
Esenguly - Sunshine hours| Month | Average | Total |
|---|
| January | 5 | 155 |
|---|
| February | 5.5 | 160 |
|---|
| March | 5.5 | 165 |
|---|
| April | 7 | 205 |
|---|
| May | 8.5 | 270 |
|---|
| June | 10.5 | 315 |
|---|
| July | 10 | 310 |
|---|
| August | 9.5 | 295 |
|---|
| September | 8.5 | 250 |
|---|
| October | 7 | 220 |
|---|
| November | 6 | 180 |
|---|
| December | 5 | 150 |
|---|
| Year | 7.3 | 2680 |
|---|
Esenguly - Weather by month
Based on the period 1991-2020
January, the coldest month of the year, is generally a quite mild month. The average temperature is of
6.7 °C, with a minimum of
1.8 °C and a maximum of
11.6 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-3 °C. However, it dropped to
-11.4 °C in January 2008.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
21 °C. However, it reached
25.3 °C in January 2016.
Precipitation amounts to
21 mm, distributed over 5 days.
The day lasts on average 9 hours and 55 minutes.
There are on average 5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 50% of the time.
The average humidity is 80%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average sea temperature is of
13.9 °C. Therefore, the sea is very cold for swimming.
February is generally a quite mild month. The average temperature is of 7.6 °C, with a minimum of 2.8 °C and a maximum of 12.5 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around -3.5 °C. However, it dropped to -13 °C in February 2014.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 24 °C. However, it reached 29.2 °C in February 2004.
Precipitation amounts to 21 mm, distributed over 5 days.
The day lasts on average 10 hours and 50 minutes.
There are on average 5.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 52% of the time.
The average humidity is 77%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average sea temperature is of 13 °C. Therefore, the sea is very cold for swimming.
March is generally a mild month. The average temperature is of 11.2 °C, with a minimum of 6.4 °C and a maximum of 16 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around 0 °C. However, it dropped to -3.1 °C in March 2007.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 28.5 °C. However, it reached 35.7 °C in March 2004.
Precipitation amounts to 25 mm, distributed over 4 days.
The day lasts on average 12 hours and 0 minutes.
There are on average 5.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 45% of the time.
The average humidity is 74%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average sea temperature is of 13.3 °C. Therefore, the sea is very cold for swimming.
April is generally a very mild month. The average temperature is of 16 °C, with a minimum of 11.3 °C and a maximum of 20.8 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around 4.5 °C. However, it dropped to 1 °C in April 2007.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 35 °C. However, it reached 40.1 °C in April 1994.
Precipitation amounts to 16 mm, distributed over 4 days.
The day lasts on average 13 hours and 10 minutes.
There are on average 7 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 52% of the time.
The average humidity is 72%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average sea temperature is of 15.8 °C. Therefore, the sea is cold for swimming.
May is generally a warm month. The average temperature is of 21.4 °C, with a minimum of 17 °C and a maximum of 25.9 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around 11.5 °C. However, it dropped to 6.4 °C in May 2003.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 37.5 °C. However, it reached 43.4 °C in May 2015.
Precipitation amounts to only 6 mm, and all occurs in one day.
The day lasts on average 14 hours and 10 minutes. So the days are long.
There are on average 8.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 61% of the time.
The average humidity is 69%.
The average sea temperature is of 20 °C. Therefore, the sea is very cool for swimming.
June is generally a warm to hot month. The average temperature is of 25.6 °C, with a minimum of 21.8 °C and a maximum of 29.4 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around 16.5 °C. However, it dropped to 11.4 °C in June 2001.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 37 °C. However, it reached 44.5 °C in June 1994.
Precipitation amounts to only 5 mm, and all occurs in one day.
The day lasts on average 14 hours and 40 minutes. So the days are long. June 21, the summer solstice, is the longest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere.
There are on average 10.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 72% of the time.
The average humidity is 68%.
The average sea temperature is of 24.1 °C. Therefore, the sea is warm enough for swimming.
July is generally a very hot month. The average temperature is of 28.3 °C, with a minimum of 25.3 °C and a maximum of 31.3 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around 21 °C. However, it dropped to 18.2 °C in July 1994.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 38.5 °C. However, it reached 45.9 °C in July 1997.
Precipitation amounts to only 5 mm, and all occurs in one day.
The day lasts on average 14 hours and 25 minutes. So the days are long.
There are on average 10 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 70% of the time.
The average humidity is 70%.
The average sea temperature is of 26.8 °C. Therefore, the sea is pleasantly warm and allows long swims.
August, the hottest month of the year, is generally a very hot month. The average temperature is of 28.6 °C, with a minimum of 25.2 °C and a maximum of 32.1 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around 20 °C. However, it dropped to 14.8 °C in August 1992.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 38 °C. However, it reached 43 °C in August 2015.
Precipitation amounts to only 9 mm, and all occurs in one day.
The day lasts on average 13 hours and 35 minutes.
There are on average 9.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 70% of the time.
The average humidity is 69%.
The average sea temperature is of 27.8 °C. Therefore, the sea is pleasantly warm and allows long swims.
September is generally a warm to hot month. The average temperature is of 25 °C, with a minimum of 20.6 °C and a maximum of 29.5 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around 13.5 °C. However, it dropped to 8.4 °C in September 2003.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 36.5 °C. However, it reached 44.1 °C in September 2017.
Precipitation amounts to only 8 mm, and all occurs in one day.
The day lasts on average 12 hours and 25 minutes.
There are on average 8.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 67% of the time.
The average humidity is 66%.
The average sea temperature is of 26.1 °C. Therefore, the sea is warm enough for swimming.
October is generally a warm month. The average temperature is of 19.2 °C, with a minimum of 13.6 °C and a maximum of 24.7 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around 7 °C. However, it dropped to 1.4 °C in October 1995.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 34 °C. However, it reached 40.3 °C in October 2013.
Precipitation amounts to 22 mm, distributed over 3 days.
The day lasts on average 11 hours and 10 minutes.
There are on average 7 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 64% of the time.
The average humidity is 68%.
The average sea temperature is of 22.9 °C. Therefore, the sea can be considered barely acceptable for swimming.
November is generally a mild month. The average temperature is of 12.6 °C, with a minimum of 7.4 °C and a maximum of 17.8 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around 0.5 °C. However, it dropped to -11.4 °C in November 2016.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 27.5 °C. However, it reached 34.5 °C in November 1995.
Precipitation amounts to 32 mm, distributed over 5 days.
The day lasts on average 10 hours and 10 minutes.
There are on average 6 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 60% of the time.
The average humidity is 75%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average sea temperature is of 19.3 °C. Therefore, the sea is very cool for swimming.
December is generally a quite mild month. The average temperature is of 8.2 °C, with a minimum of 3.4 °C and a maximum of 13 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around -2 °C. However, it dropped to -6.7 °C in December 2002.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 22 °C. However, it reached 29.6 °C in December 2010.
Precipitation amounts to 21 mm, distributed over 6 days.
The day lasts on average 9 hours and 35 minutes. December 21, the winter solstice, is the shortest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere.
There are on average 5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 51% of the time.
The average humidity is 81%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average sea temperature is of 16.2 °C. Therefore, the sea is cold for swimming.