In Seoul, the capital of Korea, located in the northwest of the country, a short distance from the coast of the Yellow Sea, the climate is continental, with cold, sunny winters and hot, sultry and rainy summers. Like the rest of Korea, the city is affected by the monsoon circulation: in winter, the northwest cold currents will prevail, while in summer, they will be replaced by hot and humid currents of tropical origin. Spring and autumn are transitional periods, mild and pleasant, especially the month of October.
Here are the average temperatures.

In winter, the average temperature is a few degrees below freezing (0 °C or 32 °F); sunshine is quite common, and a cold wind blows from the Asian continent. On colder periods, the temperature remains below freezing even during the day; in the worst moments, at night, it can drop to -20 °C (-4 °F).
Although the winter is a dry season, sometimes it can snow.
In winter, and especially in spring (March to May, which is called yellow dust season), the city can be affected by yellow dust (HwangSa in Korean), which comes from the desert of Mongolia and from China (though in truth, there is also a contribution given by local pollution) and forms a characteristic haze; it can also bring breathing problems and eye irritation.
Spring is mild, but the rains increase gradually. However, owing to the monsoon, the rainiest season is summer: from June to August, more than 800 millimeters (31.5 inches) of rain fall. The rains can sometimes be torrential. Usually, the worst month, the wettest and least sunny, is July. In summer, there can also be periods of good weather, which can be very hot, with highs about 35 °C (95 °F) and more.
In autumn, rainfall decreases, and by October, the rains are quite rare. Here is the average precipitation.

From July to early October (and occasionally also in the second half of June), Seoul can be affected by typhoons, the tropical cyclones of South-East Asia, although this area of Korea is less exposed than the southern coast.



The amount of sunshine in Seoul is decent in winter, and also in spring and autumn (although it's lower than in the southern part of the country, like in Busan), while it hits a low in July because of the summer monsoon (the amount of sunshine drops to 27%, so cloudy skies prevail). Here are the average sunshine hours per day.

Near Seoul, the sea is very cold in winter, but it warms up a lot in summer, reaching 24 °C (75 °F) in August. Here are the average sea temperatures.