Climate in Kaluga (Russia)

The climate of Kaluga is continental (according to the Köppen classification, humid continental climate with warm summers - Dfb), with very cold winters and relatively warm summers.
Kaluga is a city of 340,000 inhabitants, the capital of the homonymous oblast', located in European Russia, on the banks of the Oka River, at 200 meters above sea level, at 54 degrees north latitude and 150 km (93 mi) south-southwest of Moscow.

Precipitation is not abundant, since it amounts to about 630 millimeters (25 inches) per year. As often happens in cold climates, the rainiest season is summer.

Winter, from November to March, is very cold: the average temperature in January and February is around -6.5 °C (20 °F). The sky is often cloudy, and light snow often falls.
The ground is usually covered in snow, although there may be periods when the temperature rises above freezing, usually only slightly, and rain, drizzle or rain mixed with snow can occur.
During cold spells, the temperature drops to around -20 °C (-4 °F) or below virtually every year. Occasionally it can even drop below -30 °C (-22 °F), although the last time this happened was in February 2012 with -34.4 °C (-29.9 °F).
The record is -45.9 °C (-50.6 °F), set in January 1940. At the end of December 1978, the temperature dropped to -38 °C (-36.4 °F).
On the other hand, in the exceptionally mild winter of 2020, the daily average from December to February was 0 °C (32 °F), and the extreme minimum for the entire season was -17 °C (1.4 °F), with only three days below -10°C (14 °F).

Summer, from June to August, is very mild or pleasantly warm, with an acceptable amount of sunshine, but also with fairly frequent rains and thunderstorms. The average in July, which stands out as the warmest month, is 19 °C (66 °F).
Sometimes there can be very hot periods in which the temperature reaches or exceeds 32/33 °C (90/91 °F). The record is 38.4 °C (101.1 °F), set in August 2010. The summer of 2010 was exceptionally hot, in fact there were many days with temperatures above 35 °C (95 °F).

Kaluga - Climate data

In Kaluga, the average temperature of the coldest month (January) is of -6.7 °C (19.9 °F), that of the warmest month (July) is of 19.1 °C (66.4 °F). Here are the average temperatures.
Precipitation amounts to 630 millimeters (24.8 inches) per year: so, it is at an intermediate level. It ranges from 33 mm (1.3 in) in the driest month (February) to 80 mm (3.1 in) in the wettest one (July). Here is the average precipitation.
There are on average around 1955 sunshine hours per year. Here are the average hours of sunshine per day.