Climate - Hong Kong

Index:

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• Introduction
• Temperature and rainfall
• Sunshine
• Sea temperature
• Typhoons

Introduction

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The climate of Hong Kong is subtropical, with very mild winters and hot, rainy, and muggy summers.
The city overlooks the South China Sea, and is located at 22 degrees north latitude, in the metropolitan area of the Pearl River Delta, which includes cities such as Guangzhou (Canton) and Shenzhen.

Winter, from December to February, is very mild, with lows around 15 °C (59 °F) and highs around 20 °C (68 °F). The sun shines roughly half the time in December, then it gradually becomes less frequent, and there are more and more days with cloudy skies, fog and drizzle. There may also be windy days. Some days can be pleasantly warm, in fact, the temperature can reach and exceed 25 °C (77 °F) even in the middle of winter.
In other circumstances, there can be very cool days, during which the temperature can drop to around 10/15 °C (50/59 °F) during the day, and the wind can increase the feeling of cold.
Occasionally, it can even get cold, with lows around 5 °C (41 °F) and highs around 10 °C (50 °F). In January 2016, there was a day with a minimum of 3 °C (37.5 °F) and a maximum of 6 °C (43 °F), and on Tai Mo Shan, the highest hill in the city with its 957 meters (3,140 ft), the temperature dropped down to -6 °C (21 °F).

Spring, from March to May, is very mild or pleasantly warm, but the sky is almost always cloudy, in addition, there may be fog in March and April. In March, a cold wind can still blow, with highs around 13/15 °C (55/59 °F), especially in the first half of the month. Starting from mid-March, with the increase in temperature, the first thunderstorms occur. Already in May, the weather is hot and sultry, with highs around 30 °C (86 °F), even though it's not as hot as in the summer months; moreover, the rains become significant.



The long summer, from June to September, is hot, humid, and rainy, with heavy showers or thunderstorms, although the sun shines on average a few hours per day. Daytime temperatures are around 32/33 °C (90/91 °F), and the heat is felt because of the urban heat island effect, together with moisture coming from the sea. Luckily, there is widespread use of air conditioning. Usually, it remains unpleasantly hot even at night: lows rarely drop below 25 °C (77 °F), but they can even remain around 29/30 °C (84/86 °F). In the hills around the city and in the districts overlooking the sea, at least the breeze blows. On sunny days, the temperature can reach 35 °C (95 °F). The highest record is 37.5 °C (99.5 °F).
In July, there is often a pause, a period of good weather lasting a week or two.
The probability of typhoons, which bring heavy rains and strong winds for a few days, with the risk of flooding and landslides, is highest in this season.

In the short autumn, in October and November, the rains become rare and generally not abundant, and the sun is a bit more frequent than in the other seasons. In the first part of October, it can still be hot and muggy, but then it gradually becomes more pleasant; in this month, however, and sometimes even in the first half of November, tropical cyclones can still arrive. In November, the temperature is generally pleasant, with highs around 26 °C (79 °F), but cool and windy days gradually become more likely, and sometimes, in the second part of the month, it can get a bit cold.

Temperature and rainfall

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At Hong Kong International Airport, the average temperature ranges from 16.7 °C (62 °F) in January to 30 °C (86 °F) in July. Here are the average temperatures.

Rainfall is abundant, in fact, it is around 2,400 millimeters (94.5 inches) per year. In the hills around the city, rainfall is even more abundant, so much so that more than 3,000 mm (118 in) fall per year in Tai Mo Shan. The rainiest period is from May to September, when the rainfall exceeds 250 mm (10 in) per month in the city, while the least rainy period is from November to January, when it drops below 50 mm (2 in) per month.
Here is the average precipitation.

Sunshine

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Hong Kong gets 1,830 sunshine hours per year. So, the amount of sunshine is not great, and it's scarce from February to April, when the sky is often overcast. In the rainy season, the sun shines paradoxically more often, since the rains occur in the form of downpours or thunderstorms, which do not last long, so the sun can shine again after a while, except when typhoons hit the area. In autumn, the amount of sunshine remains acceptable or improves slightly, however, cloudy days are possible in this season as well. Here are the average sunshine hours per day.

Sea temperature

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The sea is warm enough for swimming from April to November, and it becomes definitely warm from May to October. In winter, the South China Sea is cool but not cold: it drops to 20 °C (68 °F) in January and February.

Typhoons

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As mentioned earlier, Hong Kong can be hit by typhoons, the tropical cyclones of Southeast Asia. Typically, typhoons occur in this area from June to early November, but they have sometimes affected this area outside of this period, as happened in April 2008 with Typhoon Neoguri (or Ambo) and in May 2006 with Typhoon Chanchu (or Caloy).

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